Chapter 11 milady review questions

Chapter 11: Properties and Disorders of the Hair and Scalp TOPICS Introduction The Structure of Hair Description Hair Root and Hair Shaft Chemical Composition of Hair Hair Growth Hair Analysis Hair Loss Disorders of the Scalp Common Disorders Staphylococci Infections Disorders of the Hair Gray Hair Other Non-contagious ConditionsThe reference point that signals a change in head shape from flat to round or vise versa is the : crown area. occipital bone. four corners. parietal ridge. Multiple Choice. 30 seconds. 1 pt. The straight lines used to build weight or create a one-length design or low- elevation haircut are.An infestation of the hair and scalp with head lice is: Furuncle. An acute, localized bacterial infection of the hair follicle that produces constant pain is a: Hydrogen, Salt, Disulfide. The 3 different types of side bonds are: Hydrogen Bond. A physical side bond that is easily by water and heat is a: Salt Bond.View Chapter 11 Review Questions.pdf from BEAUTY 102 at Northwest College. Milady Standard Cosmetology Textbook : Chapter 11 Review Questions 1. ... Milady Chapter 21.pdf. Solutions Available. Forest Park High School. HUMAN 26.0730010. ch11. Solutions Available. Keller High School. CTE I.Exam Review for Milady Standard Cosmetology, 14th. 14th Edition. The Exam Prep contains chapter-by-chapter questions in multiple-choice formats to help students prepare for their state board exams. The answer key at the back of the book allows students to check accuracy and identify weak areas.Mar 5, 2023 · Milady Exam Review Chapter 17 2023 with 100% correct answers. Milady Exam Review Chapter 17 2023 client consultation - ANSWER-The first step in the hairstyling process is always the _________. finger waving - ANSWER-The process of shaping and directing the hair into an S pattern through the use of the fingers, combs, and finger- waving lotion ... This is the primary student supplement to Milady Standard Nail Technology, 7th edition. The Exam Review contains chapter-by-chapter questions in multiple-choice formats to help students prepare for their state board exams. The answer key at the back of the book allows students to check accuracy and identify weak areas.depilation. Process of removing hair at skin level. depilatory. Substance, usually a caustic alkali preparation, used for the temporary removal of superfluous hair by dissolving it at the skin surface level. electrolysis. Removal of hair by means of an electric current that destroys the root of the hair. Epilation.Milady Nail Technology. Institution. Milady Nail Technology. Milady Nail Technology Final Exam Review with complete Q/A 2022 OSHA Correct Answer: Was created as part of the US Department of labor to protect employees in the work place EPA Correct Answer: Registers many different types of disinfectants that are sold and used in …18/1. A salon must be supervised daily by licensed cosmetologist who is at least ___ years of age and has at least ___ years experience. 500 hours. An instructor of cosmetology must have a high school diploma and complete _____ of training. Layering. All of the following are methods to texturize hair with shears except.Milady Chapter 11 Review Questions Flashcards | Quizlet. Milady Chapter 11 Review Questions Term 1 / 14 Name and describe the five main structures of the hair root. Click the card to flip 👆 Definition 1 / 14 Hair follicle, tube-like depression or pocket in the skin or scalp that contains the hair root. Hair bulb, lowest part of the hair strand.5 : Rinse the replace the properly cleaned screen and other removable parts. 6 : Scrub all residue from the inside walls of the the basin with a brush, liquid soap, and warm water. 7: Rinse the basin with clean warm water and then drain. 8 : Refill the basin with warm water.Sep 30, 2019 · Explain the purpose of a hone. A hone is an abrasive material that has the ability to cut steel. It is used to grind the steel and impart an effective cutting edge to the razor’s blade. List three types of hones. Natural, synthetic, and combination. Explain the movements used in honing. Explain the purpose of a strop. Cortex. Middle layer fibrous protein core. Medulla. Innermost layer of the hair. Keratinization. Living cells form in bulb filled with keratin and move up to the hair follicle nucleus eventually dies. Hair is 90% what. Protein made up of long chains of amino acids which are made up of different elements. Oct 21, 2023 · 5 : Rinse the replace the properly cleaned screen and other removable parts. 6 : Scrub all residue from the inside walls of the the basin with a brush, liquid soap, and warm water. 7: Rinse the basin with clean warm water and then drain. 8 : Refill the basin with warm water. 5706 Milady Chapter 11 Review Questions And Answers | added by users 1211 kb/s 8574 Milady Chapter 11 Review Questions Flashcards | Quizlet Milady Chapter 11 Review Questions Flashcards | Quizlet Milady Chapter 11 Review Questions Term 1 / 14 Name and describe the five main structures of the hair root.Milady Standard Barbering - Chapter 10 - Properties and Disorders of the Hair and Scalp. 5.0 (3 reviews) Flashcards; Learn; Test; Match; Q-Chat; Get a hint. Alopecia.preparing, sectioning, pinning, balance, and texture. Name the two basic hairstyles considered the foundation of every updo and long hairstyling. chignon, bun, and twist. Name the four basic curl patterns and their specific end results. volume base, full base, half base, off base.Name 11 body systems and their main functions. Circulatory - Controls the steady circulation of the blood through the body by means of the heart and blood vessels ... Chapter 6 Review Questions | Milady's Standard Professional Barbering | September 30, 2019 List the principal tools and implements used in barbering. The principal “tools of the ...Name 11 body systems and their main functions. Circulatory - Controls the steady circulation of the blood through the body by means of the heart and blood vessels ... Chapter 6 Review Questions | Milady's Standard Professional Barbering | September 30, 2019 List the principal tools and implements used in barbering. The principal “tools of the ...Cosmetology Written Exam Review Chapter 11 Properties of the Hair Scalp Chapter 14 Review Question Answers 1. Ad Pass Your State Board the First Time. Miladys Standard Cosmetology - Chapter 20. The books Milady Chapter 20 Review Ques-tions now is not type of inspiring means. What are the four chemical reactions that take place during permanent waving.Chapter 18: Braiding & Braid Extensions (Milady Exam Review Book 1) 5.0 (1 review) Flashcards; Learn; Test; Match; Q-Chat; Get a hint. Hair care that uses no chemicals or dyes & does not alter the natural curl or coil pattern of the hair, is known as _____.Refer to Procedures 11-1 and 11-2 in the textbook. 2. Have students conduct a research project on the various shampoo products used at school or at home. The student can use their smart phone, tablet, or computer to complete the research. Use the chart provided in Supplement 11.0 to list each type of shampoo, the type of hair each isround The medulla is composed of _______ cells. keratinization The process whereby living cells mature and begin their journey up the hair shaft is: nitrogen and sulfur The five main elements that make up the chemical composition of human hair are carbon, oxygen, hydrogen, and: peptide bondsChapter 11 Review Questions | Miladys Standard Professional Barbering. Why is the study of hair important to the barber? Barbers need a technical understanding of hair structure so they will be able to provide knowledge and professional service to clients. Identify the technical term for the study of hair.comedo (plural: comedones) a mass of hardened sebum and skin cells in a hair follicle. when the follicle is filled with an excess of oil, a black head forms. white heads and milia can form as well. contact dermatitis. an inflammatory skin condition caused by a substance or chemical.39) High amounts of antioxidants can be found in these foods: 40) A family of antioxidents known as polyphenols can be found in: D) all answers: green tea, red grapes, strawberries and pomegranates. 41) ______for esthetic services include (s) contagious diseases. 42) Lupus is on e example of a (n)_____disease.Some Glencoe textbooks provide answers to self-study questions at the end of individuals chapters or at the end of books in student editions. Answer keys for other tests and homework questions can be found in the instructor editions.Learn Test Match Q-Chat Created by deyarom98 Terms in this set (14) Name and describe the five main structures of the hair root. Hair follicle, tube-like depression or …Terms in this set (68) Definition:The part of the hair located below the surface of the epidermis. Lowest part of a hair strand; the thickened, clubshaped structure that forms the lower part of the hair root. The tube-like depression or pocket in the skin or scalp that contains the hair root. Plural: dermal papillae.Chapter 11 Milady Barbering Review Questions for Kentucky Barber's Exam 1. Shampooing 2. Scalp Massage 3. Conditioning 4. Special Treatments Click the card to …Start studying Milady esthetics chapter 11 review questions. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools.Q-Chat Created by Alyssa_Hesterman Terms in this set (14) Name and describe the 5 main structures of the hair root. Dermal Papilla: contains the blood and nerve supply that provides nutrients for hair growth. Hair Bulb: club shaped structure that forms the lowest part of the hair root Chapter 11 of Milady's Cosmetology textbook is a crucial milestone in any aspiring cosmetologist's journey. This chapter covers a series of workbook exercises that challenge students to apply their knowledge and skills to real-world scenarios. In this article, we will explore the answers to these workbook exercises, providing valuable ...Name the 11 main body systems and their functions. Circulatory controls the steady circulation of the blood. Digestive breaks down foods. Endocrine affects the growth, development, sexual function, and health of the body. Excretory purifies the body. Integumentary serves as a protective covering and maintain temperature in body.Explain how to correctly remove soft UV gels. Remove polish. File nail. Soak in solution. Use wooden stick or stainless steel pusher to ease the gel off the finger. Lightly buff. Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like Describe the chemistry and main ingredients of UV gels., When would you use a one-color method of ...What are six habits of a good team player? Strive to help, pitch in, share your knowledge, remain positive, become a relationship builder, be willing to resolve conflicts, be willing to be subordinate and be sincerely loyal. What are the three most common methods of salon compensation you are likely to encounter? Salary, commission, and salary ...Milady Chapter Fifteen Review Questions (Scalp Care, Shampooing, and Conditioning) 5.0 (1 review) Flashcards; Learn; Test; Match; Q-Chat; Get a hint. What are two ...All nail enhancements and adhesives are based on this family of chemical ingredients. Methacrylates. Used to make all monomer liquid and polymer powder systems and at least one type UV gel. Acrylates. All other UV gels are based on this acrylic. Cyanoacylates. All nail adhesives (glues) and wraps are based on these.In today’s fast-paced world, finding time to sit down and read an entire book from cover to cover can be quite challenging. However, this doesn’t mean that you have to miss out on the valuable knowledge and insights that books have to offer...In today’s fast-paced world, finding the time to read an entire book can be a challenge. However, that doesn’t mean you have to miss out on the knowledge and insights that books offer.Milady Chapter 11 Review Questions Flashcards | Quizlet. Milady Chapter 11 Review Questions Term 1 / 14 Name and describe the five main structures of the hair root. Click …preparing, sectioning, pinning, balance, and texture. Name the two basic hairstyles considered the foundation of every updo and long hairstyling. chignon, bun, and twist. Name the four basic curl patterns and their specific end results. volume base, full base, half base, off base.Study Chapter 11 Milady (review) flashcards. Create flashcards for FREE and quiz yourself with an interactive flipper.Silk wraps are lightweight and have a smooth appearance. Linen wraps are strong. Fiberglass wraps create a durable nail enhancement. Describe the stop, rock, and hold method of applying nail tips. Stop against the free edge at a 45 degree angle. Rock the tip on slowly. Hold the tip in place for five to ten seconds. Milady Final Review 100 Question Test with correct answers $14.49 Add to cart Quickly navigate to. Preview. Preview ... Preview 2 out of 11 pages. Add to cart ... Exam (elaborations) - Milady cosmetology chapter 5 questions with correct answers Show more . Exam (elaborations) $14.49. Also available in package deal from $35.49 ...an electric current is the flow of electricity along a conductor. explain the difference between a conductor and a noncondutor. 1. A conductor is any material that conducts electricity. 2. a nonconductor, aka inslator, is a material that does not transmit electricity. describe the two types of electric current and give examples of each.Chapter 11 Review Questions | Miladys Standard Professional Barbering. Why is the study of hair important to the barber? Barbers need a technical understanding of hair structure so they will be able to provide knowledge and professional service to clients. Identify the technical term for the study of hair.4. Onychomadesis. Separation of the nail plate from the nail bed. 5. Nail Psoriasis. Noninfectious condition causing tiny pits or severe roughness on the nail plate. 6. Paronychia. Bacterial inflammation of the tissues surrounding the nail.towle, shampoo/ chemical cape, towle. what is the three-part procedure and why is it useful? the three- Part procedure consist of 1) pre- service, 2) actual service, 3) post- service. its used to keep track of what you are doing, to remain organized, & to give consistent service. Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like ...The study of hair is known as. 11. The body can produce _______ of the 20 amino acids that make up hair and your diet must include the remaining essential amino acids. Hair root and hair shaft. A mature strand of human hair is divided into two principal parts known as the. Follicle. Milady Chapter 32. 4.8 (6 reviews) From years 2-5. Click the card to flip 👆. During which period of your business timeline should you focus on tending to the business, its clientele, and its employees to grow and expand the business so it is profitable? Click the card to flip 👆. …done w/ utmost care. >applied w/ lamp 30-36inches from skin. >2-3minutes gradual increasing to 7-8minutes. catalysts. used to make reactions happen more quickly. Study Flashcards On Basics of Electricity Ch: 11 Milady Standard Cosmetology at Cram.com. Quickly memorize the terms, phrases and much more.Study sets, textbooks, questions. ... Chapter 28 Milady: Review Questions. Flashcards. Learn. Test. Match. Flashcards. Learn. Test. Match. Created by. NiberAddie. Monomer Liquid and Polymer Power Nail Enhancements. Terms in this set (9) What is the chemistry behind monomer liquid and polymer power nail enhancements, and how does it work?11. Identify the name of the early barber employee organizations. Journeymen barber groups. ... Chapter 6 Review Questions | Milady's Standard Professional Barbering | September 30, 2019 ... Chapter 13 Review Questions Identify three characteristics of the skin that may benefit from regularly scheduled facial services. …10. The study of how a workplace can best be designed for comfort safety efficiency and productivity is: 11. 12. One-celled microorganisms with both plant and animal characteristics are: 13. In the human body, nonpathogenic bavteria help metabolize food, protect against infectious mircroorganisms and: 14.DNA. skin cancer tumors form when cells begin to divide rapidly and unevenly. basal cell carcinoma. open sores,reddish patches, or smooth growth with an elevated border. shiny bumps, light, pearly nodule. sometimes blood runs through nodule. do not spread easily. squamous cell carcinoma.Clean and disinfect the work stations. Discard all single use items. Clean and disinfect all multi use items. Remove gloves and wash hands. List the steps for cleansing and disinfecting whirl pool spas and airjet basins after each client. put on gloves. scrub all visible residue from basin walls with a disinfectant brush with a handle.The art and science of beautifying and improvimng the skin, nails, and hair is. cosmetology. A good haircut begins with an understanding of the. head form. The bone that protrudes at the base of the skull is the. occipital bone. A thin continuous mark that is used throughout a haircut is called a (n) line. What are six habits of a good team player? Strive to help, pitch in, share your knowledge, remain positive, become a relationship builder, be willing to resolve conflicts, be willing to be subordinate and be sincerely loyal. What are the three most common methods of salon compensation you are likely to encounter? Salary, commission, and salary ...Practice all cards Study of hair is known as what? Trichology The body can produce______ of the amino acids to make up your hair and diet 11 A mature strand of human hair is divided into 2 principles parts known as what? Hair root and hair shaft A tube like depression in skin or scalp that in cases the hair root is called what? FollicleOct 14, 2019 · Chapter 11 Review Questions | Miladys Standard Professional Barbering. Why is the study of hair important to the barber? Barbers need a technical understanding of hair structure so they will be able to provide knowledge and professional service to clients. Identify the technical term for the study of hair. In this video we do the review questions for Chapter 11 in the Milady Standard Barbering Textbook. Watch Next: The History of Barbering | https://youtu.be/i...*Melanin is distributed according to hair structure • Fine hair- melanin granules are tightly grouped, take color faster and look darker • Medium hair- average reaction to haircolor • Coarse hair- melanin granules are loosely grouped meaning color takes longer to process Density Hair density refers to the number of hairs per square inch; can range from thin to …Product Type: Book. 176 pages. 3 Reviews. Price: $42.95. Add to Cart. This Exam Review is one of the primary supplements to Milady Standard Cosmetology textbook. It contains chapter-by-chapter questions in multiple-choice formats to help you prepare for your state board exam. The answer key at the back of the book allows to check your accuracy ... In book clubs and literary discussions, chapter summaries play a crucial role in facilitating deeper engagement with the text. One of the primary benefits of chapter summaries is their ability to aid readers in understanding the plot progre...Some Glencoe textbooks provide answers to self-study questions at the end of individuals chapters or at the end of books in student editions. Answer keys for other tests and homework questions can be found in the instructor editions.Basal cell carcinoma. Most common and least severe type of carcinoma. Herpes simplex virus 2. Genital form of herpes. Herpes simplex virus 1. Recurring viral infection such as fever blisters or cold sores. Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like Apples, Once a year, Primary and more.Institution. Milady Chapter 21. Milady Chapter 21 Workbook Exam Questions With Complete Solutions 1. How often do clients who color their hair usually visit the salon? - CORRECT ANSWER Every 3-12 weeks 2. One of the most creative, challenging, and inspiring salon service is __________. - CORRECT ANSWER Haircolor...Flashcards Learn Test Match Q-Chat Created by deyarom98 Terms in this set (14) Name and describe the five main structures of the hair root. Hair follicle, tube-like depression or pocket in the skin or scalp that contains the hair root. Hair bulb, lowest part of the hair strand.Pediculosis capitis. Study Milady Chapter 11 Test flashcards. Create flashcards for FREE and quiz yourself with an interactive flipper.The Exam Review contains chapter-by-chapter questions in multiple-choice formats to help students prepare for their state board exams. The answer key at the back of the book allows students to check accuracy and identify weak areas. EN. ... Exam Review for Milady Standard Nail Technology Visit link : https://read-book-download-2021 …Chapter 11: Properties and Disorders of the Hair and Scalp MILADY’S PROFESSIONAL BARBERING COURSE MANAGEMENT GUIDE LESSON PLAN 11.0 Chapter 11: …A chronic Inflammatory skin disorder of the sebaceous glands characterized by, downs and blemishes. Common acne is known as acne Symplex or acne vulgaris. Asteatosis; dry, scaly skin from sebum deficiency; can't be due to aging, internal disorders, Oakley's or harsh soaps, or cold exposure. Comedo; and not inflamed build up of cells, save them ...In this video we go over the review questions for chapter 18 Haircoloring and Lightening. If you are interested in more classes please make sure that you cl... This interactive quiz features a series of thought-provoking questions and trivia designed to assess your understanding of various cosmetology topics. From hair care and cutting techniques to skin care, nail care, and even salon management, this test covers a wide range of areas within the field. Whether you're familiar with the latest beauty ...towle, shampoo/ chemical cape, towle. what is the three-part procedure and why is it useful? the three- Part procedure consist of 1) pre- service, 2) actual service, 3) post- service. its used to keep track of what you are doing, to remain organized, & to give consistent service. Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like ...Chapter 10: Scalp Care, Shampooing, and Conditioning Chapter 11: Haircutting Chapter 12: Hairstyling Chapter 13: Braiding and Braid Extensions Chapter 14: Wigs and Hair Additions Chapter 15: Chemical Texture Services Chapter 16: Haircoloring Part IV: SKIN CARE SERVICES Chapter 17: Hair Removal Chapter 18: Facials Chapter 19: Makeup Part V: NAIL ...The orbicularis oris is a circular muscle that moves the lips, and the orbicularis oculi is a circular muscle that closes the eye. The occipitofrontalis muscle moves up the scalp and eyebrows. The muscle has a frontal belly and an occipital (near the occipital bone on the posterior part of the skull) belly. In other words, there is a muscle on the forehead …Milady Esthetics Chapter 8 The Basics Of Electricity. Circuit breakers and fuses. An insulator or _________ is a substance that does not easily transmit electricity. Non-conductor. An apparatus that conducts the electric current from the machine to the client skin is called _______. Electrode.Milady Standard Cosmetology Textbook : Chapter 11 Review Questions 1. Name and describe the five main structures of the hair root. Hair Follicle - The tube like depression or pocket in the skin or scalp that contains the hair root Hair Bulb - Lowest part of a hair strand; the thickened, club-shaped structure that forms the lowest part of the hair root Dermal Papilla - A small, cone-shaped ...1. Define electric current. An electric current is the flow of electrucity along a conductor. 2. Explain the difference between a conductor and a nonconductor (insulator). •A conductor is any material that conducts electricity. •A nonconductor, also known as insulator, is a material that does not transmit electricity. 3. Mar 8, 2023 · 11. Exam (elaborations) - Milady exam review, ch. 16, haircutting with verified answers 2023. 12. Exam (elaborations) - Milady final exam review chapter 5 with 100% correct solutions 2023. 13. Exam (elaborations) - Milady exam review chapter 29 with quality solutions 2023. 14. Medicine And Health Medical Terminology Practice all cards A.) Lesion B.) Light patches caused by destroyed pigment- producing cells C.) Macule D.) It is the most serious form of skin cancer A.) Hyperpigmentation B.) Milia A.) Prickly heat D.) Mole B.) Smal bumps caused by conditions such as scar tissue or infections C.) BirthmarkIn book clubs and literary discussions, chapter summaries play a crucial role in facilitating deeper engagement with the text. One of the primary benefits of chapter summaries is their ability to aid readers in understanding the plot progre...The reference point that signals a change in head shape from flat to round or vise versa is the : crown area. occipital bone. four corners. parietal ridge. Multiple Choice. 30 seconds. 1 pt. The straight lines used to build weight or create a one-length design or low- elevation haircut are.All nail enhancements and adhesives are based on this family of chemical ingredients. Methacrylates. Used to make all monomer liquid and polymer powder systems and at least one type UV gel. Acrylates. All other UV gels are based on this acrylic. Cyanoacylates. All nail adhesives (glues) and wraps are based on these. the dense active protoplasm found @ the center of a cell. Define cytoplasm. the watery fluid cells need tor growth. Define cell membrane. The cell part that encloses the protoplasm and permits the soluble substances to enter and leave the cell. Explain cell metabolism and it's purpose.The reference point that signals a change in head shape from flat to round or vise versa is the : crown area. occipital bone. four corners. parietal ridge. Multiple Choice. 30 seconds. 1 pt. The straight lines used to build weight or create a one-length design or low- elevation haircut are.Answers to self-study questions in Pearson textbooks may be found in student editions at the ends of chapters or the ends of the books. However, answers to many tests and other homework questions are only given in instructor editions, not i...Milady Standard Cosmetology Textbook : Chapter 11 Review Questions 1. Name and describe the five main structures of the hair root. Hair Follicle - The tube like depression or pocket in the skin or scalp that contains the hair root Hair Bulb - Lowest part of a hair strand; the thickened, club-shaped structure that forms the lowest part of the hair root Dermal Papilla - A small, cone-shaped ...Chapter 6 Review Questions | Milady's Standard Professional Barbering | September 30, 2019 List the principal tools and implements used in barbering. The principal “tools of the trade” are combs, brushes, shears, clippers, trimmers, and razors. ... Chapter 13 Review Questions Identify three characteristics of the skin that may benefit from ...This is the primary student supplement to Milady Standard Nail Technology, 7th edition. The Exam Review contains chapter-by-chapter questions in multiple-choice formats to help students prepare for their state board exams. The answer key at the back of the book allows students to check accuracy and identify weak areas.Milady chapter 6 review questions. Flashcards. Learn. Test. Match. Flashcards. Learn. Test. Match. Created by. Megan_Strzok. Terms in this set (15) 1) Why is a study of anatomy physiology and histology important to a cosmetologist? ... 11) skeletal- forms of physical foundation. 9) list the primary functions of the skeletal system.Review Questions.pdf - Milady Chapter 20 Review Questions.pdf Milady Chapter 20 Review Questions is a great way to get the specifics of operating certain products. Many items that you ... MILADY EXAM REVIEW ANSWERS - OFFER ..... pdf - 0 downloads. Chapter 7 Answer Questions Key - ACCT 7009 -Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like Name the five parts of the hair root., hair follicle, hair bulb and more. Q-Chat Created by Alyssa_Hesterman Terms in this set (14) Name and describe the 5 main structures of the hair root. Dermal Papilla: contains the blood and nerve supply that provides nutrients for hair growth. Hair Bulb: club shaped structure that forms the lowest part of the hair rootOct 21, 2023 · 1. What are the four chemical reactions that take place during permanent waving? - A disulfide bond joins the sulfur atoms in two adjacent polypeptide chains. - Permanent wave solution breaks a disulfide bond by adding a hydrogen atom to each of its sulfur atoms. - The sulfur atoms attach to the hydrogen atom from the permanent waving solution ... | Cdiccrrrosg (article) | Mmgtm.